The Camera: History and Information
1. Inside a completely dark room, a tiny hole is created in one wall. Through the hole light is focused, and the outside scene is projected (upside down) on the opposite wall. The effect came to be known as the "camera obscura" which is Latin for "dark room". This was the first camera. The hole acted like a lens, focusing and projecting light onto the wall of the dark chamber.
2. In the 17th century, man became a step closer to creating the modern camera when Isaac Newton and Christian Huygens perfected the understanding of optics and the process of making high quality glass lenses.
3. Joseph Nicephore Niepce invented the final touch to the camera: film.
4. Modern digital cameras have this in common with Niepce's camera. Although they have digital film now rather than plastic film, they still have film in common.
5. Digital cameras capture images with an electronic sensor called a CCD.
6. The difference between the auto button and the program button is that with auto, the camera will completely control flash and exposure. On most cameras this is labelled "auto", on others simply "A". Some cameras only have program. With program, you have automatic-assist, just point and shoot. Unlike full auto mode, you can usually control flash and a few other camera settings.
7. In portrait mode, to attempt to blur out the background, camera will try to use the fastest available lens setting (aperture) settings.
8. In sports mode, to freeze motion, camera will use the highest shutter speed possible.
9. The half-press on the trigger button is helpful because it gives you faster camera response time, you have more control over focus, and it encourages better composition.
10. This symbol means that the flash is disabled. You will have no flash at all.
11.This symbol means auto-flash. In most camera modes, it is enabled by default and will automatically fire if the camera thinks it needs more light.
13. Not enough light in a picture and it will be too dark.
14. The term "stop" is used in every aspect of photography to represent a relative change in the brightness of light.
15. If there are two suns instead of one, the planet is one stop brighter.
16. If there are four suns instead of two, the planet is one more stop brighter, making it two stops brighter than just one sun.
17. A longer shutter speed equals more light.
18. A shorter shutter speed equals less light.
19. Before light reaches film, it must pass through an opening called an "aperture". The aperture is like a pupil. You can control the aperture by setting the "aperture opening", also known as an F-Stop.
20. When adjusting the aperture, smaller F-stop numbers equal larger openings, and larger openings equal more light. So if you're wanting more light, make the openings bigger by making the F-Stops smaller.
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